Fpga basic architecture pdf

Serrano cern, geneva, switzerland abstract this paper presents an introduction to digital hardware design using field programm able gate arrays fpgas. Most cplds complex programmable logic devices have macrocells with a sum of logic function and an elective ff flipflop. Fpga architecture, technologies, and tools neeraj goel iit delhi. Pdf fundamentals of fpga architecture researchgate. It shows how the software can be used to design and implement a circuit specified by using the vhdl hardware description language. For this tutorial, you will write a basic program to prove that the architecture is working. Fpga interview questions, fpga interview questions. The purpose of a logic block in an fpga is to provide the basic com putation and storage. If you have a solid grasp on these concepts, then fpga design will. An illustration of a typical fpga architecture appears in figure 2. The special functional blocks like alus, block ram, multiplexers, dsp48, and microprocessors have been added to the fpga, due to the frequency of the need for such resources for applications. An fpga is a component that can be thought of as a giant ocean of digital components gates, lookuptables, flipflops that can be connected together by wires.

Complex programmable logic device cpld architecture and. Plas and pals that have pin packages of 20 44 pins and density ranging from 100 to several hundred gates are considered splds. Free fpga books download ebooks online textbooks tutorials. The fpga configuration is generally specified using a hardware description language hdl, similar to that used for an applicationspecific integrated circuit asic. The circuits are defined by a user in a programming language, specifically intended to describe hardware. In section 3, we analyze the design target of nn accelerators and corresponding. Arshad aziz basic fpga architecture technology timeline the design warriors guide to fpgas devices, tools, and flows. This paper briefly discussed on the basic needs of logic synthesis and also discuss few interesting facts and design. Architecture of fieldprogrammable gate arrays information. In addition, we assume familiarity with basic computer architecture concepts pipelining, speedup, amdahls law, etc. As the name suggests,field programmable gate arrays the standard logic elements are available for the designer and he has only to interconnect these elements to achieve the desired functional performance. Introduction hardware concepts that apply to both fpga and processorbased designs.

Altera continues to lead the fpga industry in architectural innovation. The book includes several features that make it particularly valuable in a classroom environment. First, the general information about the structure of the zynq is provided. A typical cad flow this tutorial introduces the basic features of the quartus ii software. The next sections of this paper is about the design flow for an fpgabased project. Fpga manufacturers include intel, xilinx, lattice semiconductor, microchip technology and microsemi. They are io blocks or pads, switch matrix interconnection wires and configurable logic blocks clb. Figure 24 shows how the reg4 entity might be composed of dflipflop s. Third, the processing system ps and programmable logic pl, which are located inside the zynq, are described in more detail.

These are the fundamental concepts that are important to understand when designing fpgas. A fieldprogrammable gate array is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic components called logic blocks, and programmable interconnects. Fpga architectures overview in this short article we discuss modern fpga architectures srambased, flashbased, antifusebased and their applications. A knowledge of the rtlbased fpga design ow is helpful, although not required. Basic fpga arch xilinx field programmable gate array. Introduction to fpga and its architecture towards data. Basic fpga arch xilinx free download as powerpoint presentation. The code that you write makes real physical connections with wires to perform the function that you need. Although here we have discussed only basic logic blocks, many modern fpgas contain a heterogeneous mixture of blocks, some of which can only be used for speci.

Complete set of video lessons and notes available only at cpld and fpga. Introduction to zynq architecture blog company aldec. Basics of field programmable gate arrays waqarwaqar hussain hussain firstname. Understanding these concepts assists the designer in guiding the vivado hls compiler to create the best processing architecture. Majority of electronic circuit is made up of the three basic components. This modulator is designed and implemented with the help of altera cyclone iv fpga and altera dsp builder tool kazaz, 20 the architecture has been designed on bpsk and qpsk digital modulation. Modern fpgas contain typically 4 to 10 bles in a single cluster. An fpga is made up of an array of programmable logic blocks. This course is for anyone passionate in learning how a hardware component can be adapted at runtime to better respond to usersenvironment.

Plds splds, complex plds cplds and fieldprogrammable gate arrays fpgas. Fpga vs asic summary frontend design flow is almost the same for both backend design flow optimization is different asic design. A fieldprogrammable gate array fpga is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing hence the term fieldprogrammable. About this guide spartan6 fpga dsp48a1 slice user guide this guide describes the architecture of the dsp48a1 slice in spartan6 fpgas and provides configuration examples. An fpga comprises of an array of programmable logic blocks that are connected to each other. As the only type of fpd that supports very high logic capacity, fpgas have. The various architectures of these devices are examined in detail along with their tradeoffs, which allow you to decide which particular device is right for your design. Logic blocks can be programmed to perform the function of basic logic gates such as and, and xor, or more complex combinational functions such as decoders or mathematical functions. Configurable logic blocks programmable interconnections. Know about fpga architecture and thier applications. These logic blocks are connected by reconfigurable sets of wires. Basic vhdl for fpga design minimal getting started guide. Fundamentals of fpga architecture chapter pdf available.

Depending on the chip, the combinatorial logic function supports from 4 to 16 product terms with inclusive fanin. The basic andor architecture pals are flexible devices. This training will give you a basic introduction to the architecture of a modern fpga. Introduction fpga field programmable gate array is an integrated circuit containing gate matrix which can be programmed by the user in the field without using expensive equipment. A basic fpga architecture figure 1 consists of thousands of fundamental elements called configurable logic blocks clbs surrounded by a system of programmable interconnects, called a fabric, that routes signals between clbs. All rights reserved for academic use only basic architecture 5 virtexii architecture virtexii architectures core voltage operates at 1. Xilinx fpga architecture basic blocks are a logical cell a 4 input lut can also act as 16x1 ram or shift register lut ff a b c e clock y q d. Cplds also differ in terms of shift registers and logic gates. Fpgabased acceleration architecture, which we call the con. Alternatively you can send the bitstream to the fpga via a computer connection to the chip.

Introduction to fpga design with vivado hls 9 ug998 v1. Jan 10, 2009 neeraj goeliit delhi plan fpga architecture basics of fpga. Basics of fpga architecture and applications elprocus. Logic blocks implement the logical functions required by the design and consist of various components such as transistor pairs, lookup tables luts, flip flops, and multiplexers.

Ee200 3 xc4000 fpga architecture srams cells throughout the fpga determine the functionality of the device configurable logic block clb programmable interconnect io blocks. Section 2 introduces the basic operations of neural networks and the background of fpgabased nn accelerator. The need of programmable devices was realized in early 70s itself with the design of. In this article, the zynq7000 all programmable soc architecture is explained. Configurable logic blockclb it contains digital logic,inputs outputs. You can think of logic blocks as separate modules like lego blocks which can operate in parallel. In this short article we discuss modern fpga architectures srambased. We will discuss the common components that make up the fpga as well as the advantages of using an fpga for digital logic design finally, youll understand how design software, such as the. These wires allow for signals to be routed according to the definition of the circuit. If we are to describe this in vhdl, we will need entity declarations and architecture bodies for the subsystems, shown in figure 25. Second, the zynq design flow is described and shown in a flowchart. First of all an overview of the basic fpga architecture is presented. The basic fpga architecture has two dimensional arrays of logic blocks with a means for a user to arrange the interconnection between the logic blocks. An illustration of typical fpga architecture is shown in figure.

With advancement, the basic fpga architecture has developed through the addition of more specialized programmable function blocks. Pdf fpga based generalized architecture for modulation. In stark contrast to the cpu architecture, an fpga has highly configurable logic and data paths. We will discuss the common components that make up the fpga as. The logic fabric and routing architecture in altera fpgas are unmatched, providing customers with a number of advantages. This is enabled by a bitwise, finegrained architectural model to realize computation. A field programmable gate array fpga is a programmable logic device that supports implementation of relatively large logic circuits. Figure 26 is a vhdl architecture body declaration that describes the structure shown in figure 24. Once this is done, the fpga is progammed to perform a specific user function e.

At this point in a typical application, you might do some analysis or write to a file with this data, among other things. In order to better understand how fpgas work, it is beneficial to comprehend their atomic units of computation. Programmable logic blocksthe purpose of programmable logic block in a fpga is to provide the basic computation and storage elements used in digital systems. The general fpga architecture consists of three types of modules.